Activity #3: Food
Reasoning behind the activity:
I believe our food and food systems are such an IMPORTANT part of our culture and our value system as a society. The choices we make regarding food are so important if we want to live our lives according to our principles.
- When our food is grown, does it destroy the environment and the soil?
- When our food is transported, are we polluting the air?
- Are farmers/workers being exploited at various stages of the food growing and food distributing process?
- Does the food we eat come from farmers/businesses that receive massive subsidies from the government that put small farmers at a disadvantage?
- Are we relying on the physical labor of others, while we are just the end recepients? (Basically, is our only interaction with our food... eating it? While the hard labor of hundreds went into producing it? How can we stop being the leeches of society?)
- There are many other questions and issues involved as well. (i.e. Who has access to what types of food?)
- Here's a video of an organization in Oakland, People's Grocery, that deals with food justice issues:
The activity:
1) Be involved in the process of bringing our food on to our plate (cook it, buy it, grow it, etc. For right now, the most realistic is cook it and buy it.)
2) Pick one item in that meal and find out as much as possible about WHERE that food came from and WHO was involved in the process of bringing that food to our plate.
Reflection:
1) What was the action part like? Cooking it? Buying it? Who'd you go with? What'd you make? Who's recipe? Did you cook for just yourself or others as well?
2) For the 'research' portion:
a. Which item did you choose to trace back?
b. What did you learn about where it came from and who's involved in the process of bringing that food to your plate?
c. What environmental and/or social justice issues did you uncover?
3) Ultimately, what do you want your interaction with your food to be like? How can you move in that direction?
Astha:
1) I chose to make Panang Tofu Curry from the following recipe: http://www.bonappetit.com/magazine/2009/02/panang_tofu_curry and then went about getting the ingredients from the recipe. Once we decided to do the activity I had started thinking about the process of how I was going to find out where my food comes from and what store would be most amenable to tracing the origin of my food. I went to Whole Foods near my house to get most of the vegetables. As you know, I'm reading Omnivore's Dilemma right now and he has a chapter on the industry that "organic" food has become and how the supermarket with stores such as Whole Foods are promoting this image that we have in our heads of what "organic" is. It was very interesting to step into this massive store with a new perspective. I did the shopping and cooking by myself. I love cooking and never get around to it much but when I do, I always have a good time. I had the music going and it was good times. I cooked for my brother and my mom.
2a) Because Whole Foods tries to promote the "organic" theme, it had the location of where the produce was grown. Not specific farms but states or countries. I also talked to a worker in the store and went about describing that I want to understand the distribution of this food...and he was able to add information. I'm listing whatever I could find.
-Shallots - Grown somewhere in California --->shipped to a distribution center in Munster, Indiana (this distribution center for Whole Foods serves the Midwest area including Chicago, the nearby suburbs, some parts in Canada, St. Louis and a few other places that the guy listed)--->then to Whole Foods in Naperville, IL
-Garlic - California -->Munster, Indiana -->Whole Foods - Naperville, IL
-Lime - (There was no location on this and the guy said that limes are more seasonal and the location can vary, he thinks its from..) Grown in Mexico --> Shipped to California -->Munster, Indiana --> Naperville store
-Organic Cocunut Milk (wins the prize for most miles traveled) Thailand-->distribution center in Austin, Tx --> Munster, IN -->Naperville
-Carrots --> Cali -->Munster, IN --> Naperville store
-Red bell pepper -->Mexico --> not sure if shipped to Cali before Munster -->then Naperville
2b) What did I learn about the process? One thing that I kind of already knew but it was really reinforced when trying to find the origin of each food is the sheer mileage in that is covered to get the produce we simply pick up off the shelves. Each thing that I chose to track was grown in California or Mexico. Each produce product is probably being shipped on its own truck as well and there's no real sense of efficiency in trying to reduce the number of miles traveled. The processed food comes from a farther distance. The coconut milk came from Thailand...who knows where the actual coconuts to make the milk came from, but I'm sure it was processed there and traveled around in the country before it was ready to be shipped. Then is it carried by ship, by plane? How many stopovers are there along the way? Then it goes to Texas and is probably loaded on multiple trucks to redistribute to the various Whole Foods distribution centers by region. I mean that is just ridiculous!!! I can't even begin to imagine the number of people involved in this process. The farmers that grew the original product...how are they running their farms, are they caught up in the cycle of taking loans to keep their farms running like India? The factory workers that are involved in the manufacturing of the cans - what conditions are they working in? Or is it mostly done by machines to reduce costs?
The other main thing that I became much more aware of in this process in learning where our food comes from is what a business the "organic" food industry is. A lot of these ideas were pointed out in Omnivore's Dilemma but once pointed out you can't help but be aware of it. The word "organic" automatically makes us think that the product is more natural, healthy, better for the environment, is supporting the small farmer, and without pesticides and genetic alterations. And these exact associations is what the food industry plays up on. The descriptions of the coconut milk and the tofu all had at least 1-2 of these words included in the packaging. The entire Whole Foods store has these words thrown about. The store often plays up when a product is USDA "organic" certified. I attempted to find what is required to gain this label via the USDA website but got completely lost in all the different sections they have. They seem to have a million divisions (slight exaggeration but seriously there is a lot) for what it takes to become certified in meat, vegetables, fruit, etc. Then there is a list of allowed chemicals to use in food and prohibited. All I got out of it was that there is a lot of red tape and the process of getting certified has become a business. Then outside of the USDA is all these other organizations that pop up in trying to get people to become organic. All these things go directly against the principles that started the organic movement in the first place - which was to get people to become closer to their food and know where its coming from in a more natural way.
2c) Some of the environmental costs are mentioned above...in my meal alone the mileage required for each produce product was at least 3000 miles because it usually came from Cali or Mexico. I bought about 6-7 different vegetables x 3000 minimum. The Thailand coconut milk is what some 6000 miles. The gas used in each truck...thats a long trip to be making. I think my total bill came out to be $10. That is less than half a tank of gas. Somehow its not adding up to the true cost of the meal.
Also, in Omnivore's Dilemma, Pollan was mentioning that the way the organic system has become in Cali, there are 2-3 big industrial "organic" farms that basically grow everything for the big stores like Whole Foods. He visited some of them and saw migrant workers doing the weeding because the chemicals can't be used to keep them away. There are no good laws to protect these workers that work long hours, get minimal breaks, don't get access to water, and are most likely not paid nearly what they deserve. Once again its far from the organic ideal of small farmer working on his own land.
3)What do I want my ultimate interaction with food to be like - Ideally, I would know where each thing I eat comes from, and it wouldn't be taking more energy to get the food to me than the actual energy the food itself provides. How I'm going to do that...I'm not sure. The only thing that makes sense to me is if I start growing my own food and am part of a community that shares what its missing but that at this moment in my life is so far from the truth. Also, I've become used to the convenience of picking something up and also used to the variety presented to me. To actually eat in a sustainable manner, an understanding of what is seasonal and local is necessary and to adapt to that is a step forward. Being in a state that spends what seems like 6 months in the cold and grows mostly corn also makes it hard. I thought eating organic was a step forward but I've realized even that has its downfalls. If I do get to move to Cali...the hope would be to buy from the local farmer's market and since most of this food is coming from there anyway, the distance would be less. I'm not sure if I'm ready to be growing my own food yet but I think that would be an end goal.
Raj:
1) What was the action part like? Cooking it? Buying it? Who'd you go with? What'd you make? Who's recipe? Did you cook for just yourself or others as well?
I'm going to be slightly honest here...
First, it is hard reflecting on this activity because I cooked the meal over two weeks ago... and so.. I'm sure details have been forgotten... and I still don't have that FEELING that I had when I bought the ingredients and cooked the meal. I'll try to recreate the best I can.
Second, I love the meaningfulness of this activity. But I definitely felt some stress over it, because of the real or apparent time crunch in my life. It's definitely something I'm going to have to solve... to really live a whole, harmonious life. And during this activity, that was so apparent. I was just always thinking, "When am I going to buy the food? I really want this to be local and responsibly done, so how am I going to do that? When am I going to cook? Who am I going to cook for? When do I have time to cook? etc." And, like you probably know, if I'm passionate about something... I really feel like I need to do it well and go all out.... sooo, it's really hard for me to go half-ass during something like this.
Anyways.. on to the actual activity.
As school ended on Thursday, I was ready to go to the Farmer's Market near the Fruitvale BART station to see what they have. At this point, I had no idea what I was going to cook the next day. At school, though... Matthew, the garden teacher, put up the first produce stand of the season with some of the winter vegetables they were growing! Sweet.. what a place to start my shopping! Some of me 5th grade students were helping him out do the selling... they were complete naturals. You could tell that they've sold things before.. probably with their parents. It would have been really cool if I would have taken a picture of them... next time.
After going out to the car to get some bags, so I wouldn't make them pack it in new plastic bags, I returned and bought some spring onions, garlic, and cilantro.
I put that away in my car, took another bag, and walked on over to the Farmer's Market. Already... it just felt good... the normal mental exhaustion and replay of the day that normally happens after the school day wasn't there.... it was an automatic, unintential de-stresser and 'pick-me-up'.
I got to the market and there were really only a couple of vegetable sellers. I stopped at the bigger table. I had a little paper with me... because I thought if the sellers would give some details about their products, I might need to write it down. I started asking the woman behind the table about the different vegetables, and how they're grown, etc. She saw me with the paper and pen. That definitely was not the right approach... she was hesitant to give me detailed information... and she was probably suspicious of my intentions. Even I felt uncomfortable with the approach.
I ended up buying tomatoes and eggplant.
Finally, I got in a more normal "Raj" mode of conversation... completely natural. And I started talking to both the man and woman (husband and wife) behind the table. The man told me to call him Mr. Mua. They were Hmong, and live on a family farm near Fresno.... A large extended family owns and works on the farm, along with the grandparents. I talked to him about the farm... he said they don't hire any outside labor.. the family does all the work... especially the grandparents. I forgot how many acres they owned... I believe it was 30. He told me about his kids and how they don't know anything about farming, but at least they still speak Hmong unlike other kids. He talked a little about the war... he was about 16 when his family came to the US as refugees, so although he didn't fight in the war, he definitely remembers it. He said his kids don't know anything about it. It was really awesome to connect to him... I want to go back on Thursdays... to further build this relationship with him.
Friday... was cooking day. While I was at school... I google searched for recipes... I typed in the ingredients I had (tomatoes, eggplant, cilantro, onions, garlic) and did a search. I got 3-4 recipes and printed them all out.
When I got home... my mom had already started the chopping of vegetables process. The garlic and onions and tomatoes were already cut. She's such a funny lady. She just thought that she'd make it easier for me. At the moment, these things slightly annoy me... why is she so overzealous? But, in the end... it's only out of enthusiasm... the desire to be more involved in my life.... the desire to help me out in any way possible (even when I don't want it...).
I was pretty tired when I got home.. took about a 15-20 minute nap on the couch, and then it was to the kitchen. My mom kept giving suggestions on how I should cook the eggplant and what I should make.... but, after seeing my irritation, she's like, "okay, which recipe do you want to use?" I ended up choosing this recipe - http://www.cookreceipts.com/miscellaneous/cyberrealm-vol-5/sauteed-eggplant-with-tomato-and-onion-topping.html - because it just sounded yummy to me... and easy to make. =) I was cooking for me and my dad... because my mom does some sort of fast on Fridays... so Mom would be eating the food the next day.
Once we really got started... cooking the meal was awesome. It was just nice to put a meal together, and know that Francis packed my cilantro, and Estrella took my 2 dollars... and the Hmong family grew my tomatoes. Also, it ended up being solid bonding with the mother.
And I enjoy cooking. I've always enjoyed it... but.. once again.. there's the time factor to it. I've never prioritized it in my life...
The whole meal probably took me about an hour to put together.
2) a. Which item did you choose to trace back? b. What did you learn about where it came from and who's involved in the process of bringing that food to your plate?
Well, I definitely could have done a better job with the research portion... but here's what I did find. The ingredients and what I found:
- Tomatoes - from Mr. Mua's Farm; grown in greenhouse; not organic; I asked him what pesticides, chemical fertilizers, etc. were used... but he didn't know the English terms for any of it. He asked his wife, and they had words that they used in Hmong for the stuff, but not English. When I asked where he bought the seeds.. his only answer was "from the company"
- Eggplant - I thought these were from Mr. Mua's farm, but I was suspicious because I know it's not eggplant season. When he got comfortable with me, Mr. Mua told me that he buys them from some company (again, no name) and that they come from Mexico. Once again, these were non-organic.
- Spring Onions, Garlic, Cilantro - From the school garden in the parking lot. =) I'm not sure how they start these plants... what nursery, etc. But I do know that they are completely organic and the garden teacher, Matthew, is the main person who watches over the garden... he has high school interns that help him after school... my students help create the compost that is used to fertilize the soil that grows... my students help him sell the produce after school.... and the money goes back to the garden program. =) All things that make me smile. Matthew is from a bad-ass organization called Oakland Leaf - http://www.oaklandleaf.org/ (Actually.. when I just searched for the website... and started browsing it... I found out HOW bad-ass this organization is! And its main office is just a few blocks from my school.... this excites me!)
- Peter Vella's Delicious Red California Table Wine - I did not conciously select the red wine that was used in this sauce... I just used whatever we had at home... and this was the one. They have a website - http://www.petervella.com/. They're winery is located in Modesto, CA (which is about 75 miles from here) and it's kinda cool, they have their family history and all on the website. It doesn't seem like they grow their own grapes anymore... as it says they get their grapes from the 'finest vineyards of Napa and Sonoma county'. All-in-all.. it seems like a pretty local venture.
- Trader Giotto's Extra Virgin Olive Oil (from Trader Joe's) - It says that the bottle was packed in Italy and that the oil is from the EU (European Union, I'm assuming). I tried to do a little research online... and found this document on the Trader Joe's website - http://www.traderjoes.com/reading_room.html. Interesting stuff. It seems like the Olive Oil from Italy is the most prized... however, olives do grow in California, and olive oil gets made here as well! Good to know since I love to cook with this stuff. So, I would assume that there was all kind of travel involved in Europe with olives, and paste, and processing, etc... then on over to Trader Joe's main distribution center in Monrovia, CA (near LA), and then to the stores.
- Salt, Crushed Red Pepper, and Parmesan Cheese
c. What environmental and/or social justice issues did you uncover?
Environmental -
Well, I would have loved to question Mr. Mua more about their farming practicies and the sustainability of it.. and if that's something they consider... but I think I should definitely get to know him better. Again... I would love for this to be something a little more long-term.
Social Justice -1 - The school garden is getting the students more aware about fresh, organic, local food that they usually don't have access to.
2- The Hmong family farm... the Hmong are a community from Laos that were forced to fight on the U.S. side during the Vietnam War against the Communists. When the US left, the Hmong were left out to dry. Many of them ended up in camps in Vietnam. Eventually, many came over as refugees in the 1980's. They've struggled as farm workers in agrarian areas of California, as well as labor workers in urban areas. Eventually, many saved enough money to buy or lease their own land, and many have large strawberry farms. In urban areas, and even in Central California, their youth are prone to join gangs and get caught in the world of drugs. They do have a strong cultural community here in California, though, and hold on to that heritage. Interestingly, Nelly right now is working on a project with Hmong farmers in California, and how they can share information with each other and get the latest information on farming, etc.
3) Ultimately, what do you want your interaction with your food to be like? How can you move in that direction?
Ultimately, I think you know... I want to be able to grow a good portion of my food. I want to be RELATED to my food and the processes that brought it to my table. I have a strong feeling that one's food system... is really the key to a society. Because it ties soo many things together. Food and education... are the two main 'fields' that I want to be a part of.
How can I move in that direction?
A more active role in growing food.. either in my backyard or at school. Learning MORE and MORE about gardening/farming and practicing what I learn. Providing full support to endeavors by Nelly and Sampat in giving gardening/farming a more significant role in their life, because in that regards, they're ahead of me right now. Continuing to educate our children about 'food' and giving them hands-on experience.
Cooking.. once a week. Can I do it!? I hope so. Because when I cook... I am more aware of where the ingredients come from... because I want to know. When my mom cooks, I don't pay as much attention. If I just cook... once a week... I just think there will be a domino effect that will influence so many other aspects of my life and my family's life.
Far into the future.... I see us being tied to the land in some way. The land also brings people together... and creates a sense of community. There is just so much... soo much upside to working with the land and growing food... it moves me.... and it upsets me that I've been ignoring it this year.
I just read this article a couple days ago about 10 reasons to start a vegetable garden... I'm going to put the link here - http://www.insidebayarea.com/search/ci_12002754?IADID=Search-www.insidebayarea.com-www.insidebayarea.com. The top 10 list from the article: maintaining seed diversity, self-sufficiency, thoughtful gifts, exercise, cut fossil fuel use, save time, lessons for kids, nutrition, joy of harvesting, and saving money.
Bon appetit! =)